High-Level β-Lactam Resistance Associated with Acquired Multidrug Resistance in Helicobacter pylori

Multidrug resistance associated proteins in multidrug resistance

Multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) are members of the C family of a group of proteins named ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. These ABC transporters together form the largest branch of proteins within the human body. The MRP family comprises of 13 members, of which MRP1 to MRP9 are the major transporters indicated to cause multidrug resistance in tumor cells by extruding anticancer dru...

Drug Resistance in Helicobacter Pylori.

Background Helicobacter pylori has a worldwide distribution and is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases of the digestive system. Treatment to eradicate this microorganism involves the use of a combination of antimicrobials, such as amoxicillin, metronidazole, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin, combined with proton pump inhibitors. Although the current therapy is effective, a high...

Drug Resistance in Helicobacter Pylori.

H. pylori infection determines an important acute and chronic gastric mucosa inflammation. If untreated, the inflammation may remain forever, being infrequently spontaneously eliminated. It is known that chronic gastritis caused by this infection may lead to atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia, thus setting the role of H. pylori in gastric carcinogenesis cascade(4,7). Theref...

Drug resistance in Helicobacter pylori.

Alterations in penicillin-binding protein 1A confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in Helicobacter pylori.

Most Helicobacter pylori strains are susceptible to amoxicillin, an important component of combination therapies for H. pylori eradication. The isolation and initial characterization of the first reported stable amoxicillin-resistant clinical H. pylori isolate (the Hardenberg strain) have been published previously, but the underlying resistance mechanism was not described. Here we present evide...